from __future__ import unicode_literals from datetime import datetime from operator import attrgetter from django.db.models import F from django.test import TestCase from .models import Article, Author, Reference class OrderingTests(TestCase): def setUp(self): self.a1 = Article.objects.create( headline="Article 1", pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 26) ) self.a2 = Article.objects.create( headline="Article 2", pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 27) ) self.a3 = Article.objects.create( headline="Article 3", pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 27) ) self.a4 = Article.objects.create( headline="Article 4", pub_date=datetime(2005, 7, 28) ) def test_default_ordering(self): """ By default, Article.objects.all() orders by pub_date descending, then headline ascending. """ self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.all(), [ "Article 4", "Article 2", "Article 3", "Article 1", ], attrgetter("headline") ) # Getting a single item should work too: self.assertEqual(Article.objects.all()[0], self.a4) def test_default_ordering_override(self): """ Override ordering with order_by, which is in the same format as the ordering attribute in models. """ self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.order_by("headline"), [ "Article 1", "Article 2", "Article 3", "Article 4", ], attrgetter("headline") ) self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.order_by("pub_date", "-headline"), [ "Article 1", "Article 3", "Article 2", "Article 4", ], attrgetter("headline") ) def test_order_by_override(self): """ Only the last order_by has any effect (since they each override any previous ordering). """ self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.order_by("id"), [ "Article 1", "Article 2", "Article 3", "Article 4", ], attrgetter("headline") ) self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.order_by("id").order_by("-headline"), [ "Article 4", "Article 3", "Article 2", "Article 1", ], attrgetter("headline") ) def test_stop_slicing(self): """ Use the 'stop' part of slicing notation to limit the results. """ self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.order_by("headline")[:2], [ "Article 1", "Article 2", ], attrgetter("headline") ) def test_stop_start_slicing(self): """ Use the 'stop' and 'start' parts of slicing notation to offset the result list. """ self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.order_by("headline")[1:3], [ "Article 2", "Article 3", ], attrgetter("headline") ) def test_random_ordering(self): """ Use '?' to order randomly. """ self.assertEqual( len(list(Article.objects.order_by("?"))), 4 ) def test_reversed_ordering(self): """ Ordering can be reversed using the reverse() method on a queryset. This allows you to extract things like "the last two items" (reverse and then take the first two). """ self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.all().reverse()[:2], [ "Article 1", "Article 3", ], attrgetter("headline") ) def test_reverse_ordering_pure(self): qs1 = Article.objects.order_by(F('headline').asc()) qs2 = qs1.reverse() self.assertQuerysetEqual( qs1, [ "Article 1", "Article 2", "Article 3", "Article 4", ], attrgetter("headline") ) self.assertQuerysetEqual( qs2, [ "Article 4", "Article 3", "Article 2", "Article 1", ], attrgetter("headline") ) def test_extra_ordering(self): """ Ordering can be based on fields included from an 'extra' clause """ self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.extra(select={"foo": "pub_date"}, order_by=["foo", "headline"]), [ "Article 1", "Article 2", "Article 3", "Article 4", ], attrgetter("headline") ) def test_extra_ordering_quoting(self): """ If the extra clause uses an SQL keyword for a name, it will be protected by quoting. """ self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.extra(select={"order": "pub_date"}, order_by=["order", "headline"]), [ "Article 1", "Article 2", "Article 3", "Article 4", ], attrgetter("headline") ) def test_extra_ordering_with_table_name(self): self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.extra(order_by=['ordering_article.headline']), [ "Article 1", "Article 2", "Article 3", "Article 4", ], attrgetter("headline") ) self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.extra(order_by=['-ordering_article.headline']), [ "Article 4", "Article 3", "Article 2", "Article 1", ], attrgetter("headline") ) def test_order_by_pk(self): """ Ensure that 'pk' works as an ordering option in Meta. Refs #8291. """ Author.objects.create(pk=1) Author.objects.create(pk=2) Author.objects.create(pk=3) Author.objects.create(pk=4) self.assertQuerysetEqual( Author.objects.all(), [ 4, 3, 2, 1 ], attrgetter("pk") ) def test_order_by_fk_attname(self): """ Ensure that ordering by a foreign key by its attribute name prevents the query from inheriting it's related model ordering option. Refs #19195. """ for i in range(1, 5): author = Author.objects.create(pk=i) article = getattr(self, "a%d" % (5 - i)) article.author = author article.save(update_fields={'author'}) self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.order_by('author_id'), [ "Article 4", "Article 3", "Article 2", "Article 1", ], attrgetter("headline") ) def test_order_by_f_expression(self): self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.order_by(F('headline')), [ "Article 1", "Article 2", "Article 3", "Article 4", ], attrgetter("headline") ) self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.order_by(F('headline').asc()), [ "Article 1", "Article 2", "Article 3", "Article 4", ], attrgetter("headline") ) self.assertQuerysetEqual( Article.objects.order_by(F('headline').desc()), [ "Article 4", "Article 3", "Article 2", "Article 1", ], attrgetter("headline") ) def test_order_by_f_expression_duplicates(self): """ A column may only be included once (the first occurrence) so we check to ensure there are no duplicates by inspecting the SQL. """ qs = Article.objects.order_by(F('headline').asc(), F('headline').desc()) sql = str(qs.query).upper() fragment = sql[sql.find('ORDER BY'):] self.assertEqual(fragment.count('HEADLINE'), 1) self.assertQuerysetEqual( qs, [ "Article 1", "Article 2", "Article 3", "Article 4", ], attrgetter("headline") ) qs = Article.objects.order_by(F('headline').desc(), F('headline').asc()) sql = str(qs.query).upper() fragment = sql[sql.find('ORDER BY'):] self.assertEqual(fragment.count('HEADLINE'), 1) self.assertQuerysetEqual( qs, [ "Article 4", "Article 3", "Article 2", "Article 1", ], attrgetter("headline") ) def test_related_ordering_duplicate_table_reference(self): """ An ordering referencing a model with an ordering referencing a model multiple time no circular reference should be detected (#24654). """ first_author = Author.objects.create() second_author = Author.objects.create() self.a1.author = first_author self.a1.second_author = second_author self.a1.save() self.a2.author = second_author self.a2.second_author = first_author self.a2.save() r1 = Reference.objects.create(article_id=self.a1.pk) r2 = Reference.objects.create(article_id=self.a2.pk) self.assertQuerysetEqual(Reference.objects.all(), [r2, r1], lambda x: x)