from __future__ import unicode_literals import mimetypes import os import random import time from email import ( charset as Charset, encoders as Encoders, generator, message_from_string, ) from email.header import Header from email.message import Message from email.mime.base import MIMEBase from email.mime.message import MIMEMessage from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.utils import formataddr, formatdate, getaddresses, parseaddr from io import BytesIO from django.conf import settings from django.core.mail.utils import DNS_NAME from django.utils import six from django.utils.encoding import force_text # Don't BASE64-encode UTF-8 messages so that we avoid unwanted attention from # some spam filters. utf8_charset = Charset.Charset('utf-8') utf8_charset.body_encoding = None # Python defaults to BASE64 # Default MIME type to use on attachments (if it is not explicitly given # and cannot be guessed). DEFAULT_ATTACHMENT_MIME_TYPE = 'application/octet-stream' class BadHeaderError(ValueError): pass # Copied from Python 3.2+ standard library, with the following modifications: # * Used cached hostname for performance. # TODO: replace with email.utils.make_msgid(.., domain=DNS_NAME) when dropping # Python 2 (Python 2's version doesn't have domain parameter) (#23905). def make_msgid(idstring=None, domain=None): """Returns a string suitable for RFC 2822 compliant Message-ID, e.g: <20020201195627.33539.96671@nightshade.la.mastaler.com> Optional idstring if given is a string used to strengthen the uniqueness of the message id. Optional domain if given provides the portion of the message id after the '@'. It defaults to the locally defined hostname. """ timeval = time.time() utcdate = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S', time.gmtime(timeval)) pid = os.getpid() randint = random.randrange(100000) if idstring is None: idstring = '' else: idstring = '.' + idstring if domain is None: # stdlib uses socket.getfqdn() here instead domain = DNS_NAME msgid = '<%s.%s.%s%s@%s>' % (utcdate, pid, randint, idstring, domain) return msgid # Header names that contain structured address data (RFC #5322) ADDRESS_HEADERS = { 'from', 'sender', 'reply-to', 'to', 'cc', 'bcc', 'resent-from', 'resent-sender', 'resent-to', 'resent-cc', 'resent-bcc', } def forbid_multi_line_headers(name, val, encoding): """Forbids multi-line headers, to prevent header injection.""" encoding = encoding or settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET val = force_text(val) if '\n' in val or '\r' in val: raise BadHeaderError("Header values can't contain newlines (got %r for header %r)" % (val, name)) try: val.encode('ascii') except UnicodeEncodeError: if name.lower() in ADDRESS_HEADERS: val = ', '.join(sanitize_address(addr, encoding) for addr in getaddresses((val,))) else: val = Header(val, encoding).encode() else: if name.lower() == 'subject': val = Header(val).encode() return str(name), val def sanitize_address(addr, encoding): if not isinstance(addr, tuple): addr = parseaddr(force_text(addr)) nm, addr = addr nm = Header(nm, encoding).encode() try: addr.encode('ascii') except UnicodeEncodeError: # IDN if '@' in addr: localpart, domain = addr.split('@', 1) localpart = str(Header(localpart, encoding)) domain = domain.encode('idna').decode('ascii') addr = '@'.join([localpart, domain]) else: addr = Header(addr, encoding).encode() return formataddr((nm, addr)) class MIMEMixin(): def as_string(self, unixfrom=False, linesep='\n'): """Return the entire formatted message as a string. Optional `unixfrom' when True, means include the Unix From_ envelope header. This overrides the default as_string() implementation to not mangle lines that begin with 'From '. See bug #13433 for details. """ fp = six.StringIO() g = generator.Generator(fp, mangle_from_=False) if six.PY2: g.flatten(self, unixfrom=unixfrom) else: g.flatten(self, unixfrom=unixfrom, linesep=linesep) return fp.getvalue() if six.PY2: as_bytes = as_string else: def as_bytes(self, unixfrom=False, linesep='\n'): """Return the entire formatted message as bytes. Optional `unixfrom' when True, means include the Unix From_ envelope header. This overrides the default as_bytes() implementation to not mangle lines that begin with 'From '. See bug #13433 for details. """ fp = BytesIO() g = generator.BytesGenerator(fp, mangle_from_=False) g.flatten(self, unixfrom=unixfrom, linesep=linesep) return fp.getvalue() class SafeMIMEMessage(MIMEMixin, MIMEMessage): def __setitem__(self, name, val): # message/rfc822 attachments must be ASCII name, val = forbid_multi_line_headers(name, val, 'ascii') MIMEMessage.__setitem__(self, name, val) class SafeMIMEText(MIMEMixin, MIMEText): def __init__(self, _text, _subtype='plain', _charset=None): self.encoding = _charset if _charset == 'utf-8': # Unfortunately, Python < 3.5 doesn't support setting a Charset instance # as MIMEText init parameter (http://bugs.python.org/issue16324). # We do it manually and trigger re-encoding of the payload. MIMEText.__init__(self, _text, _subtype, None) del self['Content-Transfer-Encoding'] self.set_payload(_text, utf8_charset) self.replace_header('Content-Type', 'text/%s; charset="%s"' % (_subtype, _charset)) elif _charset is None: # the default value of '_charset' is 'us-ascii' on Python 2 MIMEText.__init__(self, _text, _subtype) else: MIMEText.__init__(self, _text, _subtype, _charset) def __setitem__(self, name, val): name, val = forbid_multi_line_headers(name, val, self.encoding) MIMEText.__setitem__(self, name, val) class SafeMIMEMultipart(MIMEMixin, MIMEMultipart): def __init__(self, _subtype='mixed', boundary=None, _subparts=None, encoding=None, **_params): self.encoding = encoding MIMEMultipart.__init__(self, _subtype, boundary, _subparts, **_params) def __setitem__(self, name, val): name, val = forbid_multi_line_headers(name, val, self.encoding) MIMEMultipart.__setitem__(self, name, val) class EmailMessage(object): """ A container for email information. """ content_subtype = 'plain' mixed_subtype = 'mixed' encoding = None # None => use settings default def __init__(self, subject='', body='', from_email=None, to=None, bcc=None, connection=None, attachments=None, headers=None, cc=None, reply_to=None): """ Initialize a single email message (which can be sent to multiple recipients). All strings used to create the message can be unicode strings (or UTF-8 bytestrings). The SafeMIMEText class will handle any necessary encoding conversions. """ if to: if isinstance(to, six.string_types): raise TypeError('"to" argument must be a list or tuple') self.to = list(to) else: self.to = [] if cc: if isinstance(cc, six.string_types): raise TypeError('"cc" argument must be a list or tuple') self.cc = list(cc) else: self.cc = [] if bcc: if isinstance(bcc, six.string_types): raise TypeError('"bcc" argument must be a list or tuple') self.bcc = list(bcc) else: self.bcc = [] if reply_to: if isinstance(reply_to, six.string_types): raise TypeError('"reply_to" argument must be a list or tuple') self.reply_to = list(reply_to) else: self.reply_to = [] self.from_email = from_email or settings.DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL self.subject = subject self.body = body self.attachments = attachments or [] self.extra_headers = headers or {} self.connection = connection def get_connection(self, fail_silently=False): from django.core.mail import get_connection if not self.connection: self.connection = get_connection(fail_silently=fail_silently) return self.connection def message(self): encoding = self.encoding or settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET msg = SafeMIMEText(self.body, self.content_subtype, encoding) msg = self._create_message(msg) msg['Subject'] = self.subject msg['From'] = self.extra_headers.get('From', self.from_email) msg['To'] = self.extra_headers.get('To', ', '.join(map(force_text, self.to))) if self.cc: msg['Cc'] = ', '.join(map(force_text, self.cc)) if self.reply_to: msg['Reply-To'] = self.extra_headers.get('Reply-To', ', '.join(map(force_text, self.reply_to))) # Email header names are case-insensitive (RFC 2045), so we have to # accommodate that when doing comparisons. header_names = [key.lower() for key in self.extra_headers] if 'date' not in header_names: msg['Date'] = formatdate() if 'message-id' not in header_names: # Use cached DNS_NAME for performance msg['Message-ID'] = make_msgid(domain=DNS_NAME) for name, value in self.extra_headers.items(): if name.lower() in ('from', 'to'): # From and To are already handled continue msg[name] = value return msg def recipients(self): """ Returns a list of all recipients of the email (includes direct addressees as well as Cc and Bcc entries). """ return self.to + self.cc + self.bcc def send(self, fail_silently=False): """Sends the email message.""" if not self.recipients(): # Don't bother creating the network connection if there's nobody to # send to. return 0 return self.get_connection(fail_silently).send_messages([self]) def attach(self, filename=None, content=None, mimetype=None): """ Attaches a file with the given filename and content. The filename can be omitted and the mimetype is guessed, if not provided. If the first parameter is a MIMEBase subclass it is inserted directly into the resulting message attachments. """ if isinstance(filename, MIMEBase): assert content is None assert mimetype is None self.attachments.append(filename) else: assert content is not None self.attachments.append((filename, content, mimetype)) def attach_file(self, path, mimetype=None): """ Attaches a file from the filesystem. The mimetype will be set to the DEFAULT_ATTACHMENT_MIME_TYPE if it is not specified and cannot be guessed or (PY3 only) if it suggests text/* for a binary file. """ filename = os.path.basename(path) if not mimetype: mimetype, _ = mimetypes.guess_type(filename) if not mimetype: mimetype = DEFAULT_ATTACHMENT_MIME_TYPE basetype, subtype = mimetype.split('/', 1) read_mode = 'r' if basetype == 'text' else 'rb' content = None with open(path, read_mode) as f: try: content = f.read() except UnicodeDecodeError: # If mimetype suggests the file is text but it's actually # binary, read() will raise a UnicodeDecodeError on Python 3. pass # If the previous read in text mode failed, try binary mode. if content is None: with open(path, 'rb') as f: content = f.read() mimetype = DEFAULT_ATTACHMENT_MIME_TYPE self.attach(filename, content, mimetype) def _create_message(self, msg): return self._create_attachments(msg) def _create_attachments(self, msg): if self.attachments: encoding = self.encoding or settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET body_msg = msg msg = SafeMIMEMultipart(_subtype=self.mixed_subtype, encoding=encoding) if self.body: msg.attach(body_msg) for attachment in self.attachments: if isinstance(attachment, MIMEBase): msg.attach(attachment) else: msg.attach(self._create_attachment(*attachment)) return msg def _create_mime_attachment(self, content, mimetype): """ Converts the content, mimetype pair into a MIME attachment object. If the mimetype is message/rfc822, content may be an email.Message or EmailMessage object, as well as a str. """ basetype, subtype = mimetype.split('/', 1) if basetype == 'text': encoding = self.encoding or settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET attachment = SafeMIMEText(content, subtype, encoding) elif basetype == 'message' and subtype == 'rfc822': # Bug #18967: per RFC2046 s5.2.1, message/rfc822 attachments # must not be base64 encoded. if isinstance(content, EmailMessage): # convert content into an email.Message first content = content.message() elif not isinstance(content, Message): # For compatibility with existing code, parse the message # into an email.Message object if it is not one already. content = message_from_string(content) attachment = SafeMIMEMessage(content, subtype) else: # Encode non-text attachments with base64. attachment = MIMEBase(basetype, subtype) attachment.set_payload(content) Encoders.encode_base64(attachment) return attachment def _create_attachment(self, filename, content, mimetype=None): """ Converts the filename, content, mimetype triple into a MIME attachment object. """ if mimetype is None: mimetype, _ = mimetypes.guess_type(filename) if mimetype is None: mimetype = DEFAULT_ATTACHMENT_MIME_TYPE attachment = self._create_mime_attachment(content, mimetype) if filename: try: filename.encode('ascii') except UnicodeEncodeError: if six.PY2: filename = filename.encode('utf-8') filename = ('utf-8', '', filename) attachment.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=filename) return attachment class EmailMultiAlternatives(EmailMessage): """ A version of EmailMessage that makes it easy to send multipart/alternative messages. For example, including text and HTML versions of the text is made easier. """ alternative_subtype = 'alternative' def __init__(self, subject='', body='', from_email=None, to=None, bcc=None, connection=None, attachments=None, headers=None, alternatives=None, cc=None, reply_to=None): """ Initialize a single email message (which can be sent to multiple recipients). All strings used to create the message can be unicode strings (or UTF-8 bytestrings). The SafeMIMEText class will handle any necessary encoding conversions. """ super(EmailMultiAlternatives, self).__init__( subject, body, from_email, to, bcc, connection, attachments, headers, cc, reply_to, ) self.alternatives = alternatives or [] def attach_alternative(self, content, mimetype): """Attach an alternative content representation.""" assert content is not None assert mimetype is not None self.alternatives.append((content, mimetype)) def _create_message(self, msg): return self._create_attachments(self._create_alternatives(msg)) def _create_alternatives(self, msg): encoding = self.encoding or settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET if self.alternatives: body_msg = msg msg = SafeMIMEMultipart(_subtype=self.alternative_subtype, encoding=encoding) if self.body: msg.attach(body_msg) for alternative in self.alternatives: msg.attach(self._create_mime_attachment(*alternative)) return msg